Prostatitis is a fairly common male disease.
It can be infectious or non-infectious, the first form being divided into bacterial and non-bacterial.
Treatment of prostatitis with antibiotics is performed with an infectious bacterial lesion of the gland, even if the symptoms are not very pronounced.
They are sometimes prescribed as a test therapy for non-bacterial forms.
Antimicrobials actively affect the pathogenic microflora, destroying inflammatory pathogens, and broad-spectrum antibiotics also become a prevention of complications that can affect the genitourinary system.
Classification of antibiotics for prostatitis
In acute or chronic inflammation, the doctor chooses a drug from one or more groups of antibiotics to which the microbes are sensitive. This is determined by the results of the analyzes.
All antibacterial agents can be divided into the following groups:
- penicillin;
- tetracycline;
- aminoglycoside;
- cephalosporin;
- fluoroquinolone;
- macrolide.
Penicillin group
Drugs in which the main substance is penicillin are broad-spectrum antibacterial agents.
In this case, the substance may be of natural or synthetic origin. The advantage of this group of drugs is its affordable price and the ability to use tablets (or suspensions) at home.
Among the extensive list of penicillin antibiotics, the most common is the penicillin of the same name, which is most often prescribed for chronic inflammation.
Tetracycline group
Tetracycline as an antibiotic for prostatitis can be prescribed for external use in the form of an ointment or in the form of tablets for oral administration.
The substance effectively kills streptococci, staphylococci, salmonella, chlamydia, shigella and a large group of other microbes, while being rapidly absorbed into prostate tissue.
Recently, tetracycline drugs are used less and less in urology due to the large number of side effects (especially on the part of the gastrointestinal tract).
Among the disadvantages of the drugs can be distinguished the formation of resistance of microorganisms to tetracycline drugs, as well as a number of side effects:
- intestinal colic;
- nausea;
- digestive disorders;
- anemia;
- eosinophilia;
- increased intracranial pressure;
- liver damage;
- alergy.
Aminoglycoside group
The drugs have long been used as antibiotics for prostatitis in men with a wide range of effects. However, these drugs are highly toxic.
The most common use of the drug, which is highly effective in combating gram-negative pathogens of bacterial inflammation, which include Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Enterobacteriaceae.
They are cheap and quickly absorbed into the blood - the maximum plasma concentration is reached one hour after ingestion.
Disadvantages of the funds:
- Limited spectrum of action - used only as an adjunct to combat certain pathogenic microorganisms in the complex therapy of inflammation of the prostate gland.
- It can cause many side effects, including: headache, kidney failure, vomiting, nausea, hearing loss, anemia, leukopenia, drowsiness, oliguria (decreased urine output compared to normal) and others.
- The drug is not sold in oral forms - it is injected bypassing the gastrointestinal tract by injection and injection.
Cephalosporin group
These antibacterial agents are also not intended for oral administration, they are administered parenterally. They are often prescribed for inpatients.
The agents act on gram-positive pathogens, a small group of anaerobes and gram-negative bacteria.
Means are often prescribed to combat complex prostatitis caused by E. coli, enterobacter, gonococcus, staphylococcus, Proteus, Klebsiella and other pathogens.
These drugs are used by doctors if the infection cannot be defeated with penicillins, tetracyclines and other antibiotics.
Among the additional advantages of the drugs are a reasonable price and a minimum of contraindications (the exception is hypersensitivity to this type of antibiotic).
Like all antibacterial agents, cephalosporins have side effects:
- headache;
- allergic skin rashes and local reactions at the injection site;
- intestinal and gastric disorders;
- colitis and others.
Fluoroquinolol group
These drugs are used in the complex therapy of chronic inflammation of the prostate, as they quickly penetrate the tissues of the gland and have a long-term effect.
It is recommended to drink them if the disease is caused by mycobacteria, gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, chlamydia or mycoplasma.
Among the side effects, in addition to vomiting, nausea and diarrhea, characteristic of antibiotics, are ICP, tachycardia, fatigue, leukopenia, anemia and impaired renal function.
Important!Medicines cannot be combined with certain medicines. For example, with adenosergic drugs, the combination of which drastically lowers blood pressure. It is also not recommended to take drugs together with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, as their combination increases the negative effect on the nervous system.
Macrolide group
They are sometimes used to treat prostatitis caused by chlamydia or mycoplasma. However, with respect to other potential pathogens, their effectiveness has not been confirmed.
Treatment regimen
What antibacterial agents to take, the doctor decides after tests to determine the type of pathogen and its sensitivity to drugs.
Antibiotics are only part of the treatment of acute and chronic infectious prostatitis, which includes a whole list of additional drugs.
The standard therapeutic system includes:
- Antibacterial drugs - to destroy the source of inflammation.
- Stimulators of blood circulation - to exclude blood stasis in the small pelvis.
- Anti-inflammatory drugs - to relieve swelling and pain.
- Immunomodulators - to maintain and activate the body's defense system;
- Sedatives;
- Vitamins and trace elements (zinc, magnesium, selenium, vitamins A, B, C, E);
- Herbal infusions and teas (elderberry, blueberry, St. John's wort, comfrey);
- Exercises and prostate massage - to stimulate blood circulation and reduce congestion.
Acute inflammation
In acute form, both home therapy under the supervision of a doctor and inpatient treatment are possible.
In this case, drugs are prescribed that act completely and widely: first resort to powerful drugs from the list of cephalosporins and with improvements switch to fluoroquinolones.
It is sometimes recommended to take two types of antibiotics at once for the fastest possible cure.
In acute inflammation, the reaction to drugs manifests itself quickly enough - the symptoms disappear within a few days.
But even when the condition is relieved, you cannot interrupt the course and change the dose prescribed by the urologist. This can lead to the disease becoming chronic and developing bacterial drug resistance.
If everything is done correctly, prostatitis is cured 100% without complications.
Chronic process
Compared with the acute form, the treatment of slow inflammation with periodic exacerbations is more complex and lengthy. This is due to changes in the prostate tissue that are less sensitive and "retain" antibacterial drugs in their cells.
However, for the chronic course, antibiotics from the following groups are most effective:
- cephalosporins;
- fluoroquinolones;
- macrolides.
The duration of therapy is at least one month, but usually this is not enough, so the doctor prescribes several courses at once at regular intervals. It is important to follow these guidelines, even if they improve: the feeling can be deceptive and only make the problem worse.
Conclusion
When symptoms of prostatitis appear, do not waste time looking for a solution in forums and thematic sites. It is important to see a doctor before the disease becomes severe and complications begin with serious consequences for men's health.